Portal Hypertension is a disease that can affect your liver, portal system of veins, oesophagus, and spleen. The portal vein is a group of veins merged which starts from your stomach, intestines, spleen, and pancreas. The function of the portal vein is to take blood from the gut and supply it to the liver. Sometimes, there is an impedance of this blood flow to the liver through the portal vein.
The blood flow through the liver is hampered as the vessels in the liver are blocked. The high blood pressure in the veins of the liver further leads to swelling in the veins of the oesophagus, stomach, rectum and umbilical area, leading them to bleed internally if those varies in rupture. This can be catastrophic in most cases.
Causes of Portal Hypertension
The blood flow through the liver is hampered as the vessels in the liver are blocked. The high blood pressure in the veins of the liver further leads to swelling in the veins of the oesophagus, stomach, rectum and umbilical area, leading them to bleed internally if those varies in rupture. This can be catastrophic in most cases.
Causes of Portal Hypertension
There are many causes that explain portal hypertension or obstructions. They are:
- The Prehepatic cause, due to portal vein thrombosis and congenital portal vein Artesia.
- The Posthepatic cause is due to hepatic vein thrombosis, inferior vena cava thrombosis, and restrictive pericarditis.
- The Intrahepatic cause, that includes Cirrhosis and hepatic fibrosis scarring are the commonest cause of portal hypertension.
Some other causes of Portal Hypertension are fatty liver, alcohol abuse, hepatitis B and C infections, wilson’s disease, cystic fibrosis, hemochromatosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, biliary Artesia, schistosomiasis (a parasitic infection seen in Central Africa, where there is fibrosis of the liver sinusoids), and Budd-Chiari syndrome: thrombosis of a hepatic vein (the veins taking blood away from the liver).
Symptoms of Portal Hypertension
The most common symptoms of Portal Hypertension are swollen and enlarged veins, hematemesis, tarry and bloody stools, abnormal fluid collection within the peritoneum, and enlargement of spleen and overall feeling of being confused and lethargic.
Portal Hypertension Diagnosis
Based on the above mentioned symptoms the following diagnosis is required, liver function tests and coagulation profile, Full blood count, and Serum electrolytes.
Portal Hypertension Prognosis
Finally, the prognosis for the patient depends on the level of the cirrhosis.
Treatment for Portal Hypertension
There are surgical and nonsurgical methods of treating Portal Hypertension. Nonsurgical treatments to reduce Portal Hypertension are the use of beta blockers like propranolol, maintaining healthy lifestyle, medications, radiology, sclerotherepy, latex banding and balloon tamponade etc.
However, when all the above mentioned methods fail to reduce the Portal pressure then you are left with no choice other than using a surgical procedure.
The most common surgical procedure to cure Portal Hypertension is Tran jugular Intra-hepatic Porto-systematic Shunting. This procedure creates a bypass connecting the portal system to the hepatic outflow system, bypassing the liver.
Surgical Procedures
Other surgical procedures are Proximal Spleen-renal shunt, distal splenorenal shunt, and orthotropic liver transplantation also known as OLT.
Liver transplant is recommended to patients with Cirrhosis depending on the how and why it is caused, the patient's compliance and overall health status.
'SIMS' provides Best Portal Hypertension Treatment in Chennai With help of experts and other staffs.
Symptoms of Portal Hypertension
The most common symptoms of Portal Hypertension are swollen and enlarged veins, hematemesis, tarry and bloody stools, abnormal fluid collection within the peritoneum, and enlargement of spleen and overall feeling of being confused and lethargic.
Portal Hypertension Diagnosis
Based on the above mentioned symptoms the following diagnosis is required, liver function tests and coagulation profile, Full blood count, and Serum electrolytes.
Portal Hypertension Prognosis
Finally, the prognosis for the patient depends on the level of the cirrhosis.
Treatment for Portal Hypertension
There are surgical and nonsurgical methods of treating Portal Hypertension. Nonsurgical treatments to reduce Portal Hypertension are the use of beta blockers like propranolol, maintaining healthy lifestyle, medications, radiology, sclerotherepy, latex banding and balloon tamponade etc.
However, when all the above mentioned methods fail to reduce the Portal pressure then you are left with no choice other than using a surgical procedure.
The most common surgical procedure to cure Portal Hypertension is Tran jugular Intra-hepatic Porto-systematic Shunting. This procedure creates a bypass connecting the portal system to the hepatic outflow system, bypassing the liver.
Surgical Procedures
Other surgical procedures are Proximal Spleen-renal shunt, distal splenorenal shunt, and orthotropic liver transplantation also known as OLT.
Liver transplant is recommended to patients with Cirrhosis depending on the how and why it is caused, the patient's compliance and overall health status.
'SIMS' provides Best Portal Hypertension Treatment in Chennai With help of experts and other staffs.
Visit us: thegastrosurgeon.com
Mail us: surgicalgastrokochi@gmail.com
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